In this research, Fischer TROPSCH SYNTHESIS (FTS) has been modeled in the fixed bed chromatographic reactor for the first time by applying a rather complex dispersed plug flow model for fluid phase AND linear driving force (LDF) model for adsorbent. Model equations are dynamic, multi component, non-linear AND heterogeneous including reaction AND adsorption simultaneously Complex kinetics for FTS AND water-gas shift (WGS) reaction AND the multi component Langmuir adsorption isotherm is used in the model. A set of partial differential AND ordinary differential equations with algebraic equations have been converted into a set of ordinary differential equations by using the ORTHOGONAL COLLOCATION technique. Then this set of equations has been solved by multi-step methods of Numerical Differentiation Formulae (NDF) or Backward Differentiation Formulae (BDF) Known as the Gear's method Consequently, results for dynamic model AND effects of modeling parameters have been analyzed Through this fixed bed chromatographic reactor model, one may develop a suitable configuration of simulated moving bed chromatographic reactors.

Knowing the components of economic education provides the dynamic background of education in this field. The aim of the current research is to investigate the indicators AND components of the economic education curriculum. The approach of the current research is qualitative AND its method is research SYNTHESIS. The research community is all the articles (211 articles) that have been presented from 1390 to 1401 AD AND from 2010 to 2022 AD regarding economic education in curricula. The sample of the research is 32 articles, which were selected based on thematic monitoring, theoretical data saturation, AND purposefully. The research data were collected from the qualitative analysis of the studied articles. By analyzing the data, the dimensions of vitality in the curriculum of the elementary school in 4 factors AND 55 categories including the dimension of individual factors (including indicators AND components related to personality characteristics); The dimension of culture AND economic ethics (economic fields in the society); The dimension of economic concepts AND knowledge (indices in economic education) AND the dimension of collective AND communication concepts (communication AND interaction indicators in education) were classified. Economic education is dependent on internal AND external components in educational systems, which requires macro-planning in this field.

Fourth-order B-spline COLLOCATION method has been applied for numerical study of FISHER’ s equation which represents several important phenomena such as biological invasions, reaction diffusion in chemical processes AND neutron multiplication in nuclear reactions, etc. Results are found to be better than second-order B-spline COLLOCATION method. It is observed that when time becomes sufficiently large, local initial disturbance propagates with constant limiting speed. Proposed method is satisfactorily efficient in terms of accuracy AND stability.

In recent years, the Fischer-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS has been considered as an important chemical process for natural gas conversion to liquid fuels. The abundant availability of natural gas AND the increasing demAND for different hydrocarbon products such as olefins, diesel, AND waxes have led to a high level of interest to further develop this process. In this study, a multicomponent reaction engineering model for a slurry bubble column reactor on a commercial scale is developed in order to study the effects of different parameters on product distribution. The modeling results show that different parameters such as temperature, operating pressure, catalyst holdup, AND superficial gas velocity affect the syngas conversion AND carbon product distribution. In order to maximize the rato of different hydrocarbons products to all the products, the optimization of the operating parameters has been carried out using several optimization techniques such as genetic algorithm (GA), simulated annealing (SA), AND gradient method. According to the optimization results, a high H2/CO ratio AND low catalyst holdup are required to maximize naphtha, diesel, AND wax products relative to the other products. On the other hAND, a low H2/CO ratio AND high catalyst holdup are required to maximize the olefin products relative to the other products. Moreover, high pressure has a positive impact on the all the products.

One of the most important processes in the petrochemical industry is FISHERTropes SYNTHESIS. In this process, the SYNTHESIS gas, which mainly contains H2 AND CO gases, is converted to a mixture of hydrocarbons. The Fischer-TROPSCH process is a catalytic process that catalyst is an important AND determining part of this process. Therefore, in this study, the cobalt-manganese-cerium tri-metal catalyst based on alumina (Al2O3) was prepared by the wet impregnation method. The optimal catalyst was identified using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), AND thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA) techniques. Surface area of the catalyst was measured by BET method. The fabricated catalyst was used to perform the FISHERTropes process in a laboratory fixed-bed microreactor AND the effect of operating parameters such as temperature, pressure, AND feed ratio on the selectivity AND activity of the catalyst were investigated. According to the results, temperature of 300 ° C, pressure of 1 atm, AND feed molar ratio of H2 / CO = 1. 1 were selected as the optimal operating conditions of the catalyst.